ABSTRACT Over the past decade, the business of producing juice from grapes (Vitis labrusca L. and hybrids) has been expanding in response to increasing consumption encouraged by campaigns promoting the benefits grape juice can have on health. This study aimed to determine the effect of the production cycle, vine training system, and rootstock on the yield and physical and physical-chemical characteristics of ‘BRS Magna’ grapes grown in the Vale do Submédio São Francisco in the northeastern region of Brazil. The study was conducted in Petrolina, Pernambuco, over eight production cycles (2017 to 2020). The grapevines were trained in three vine training trellis systems: espalier, lyre, and pergola; and grafted onto two rootstocks: IAC 572 and IAC 766. The production cycle, training system, and rootstocks affected the yield components, vigor, and physical characteristics of the BRS Magna grapes. The combination of the pergola training system and rootstock IAC 766 stood out from the others, providing mean yields estimated at 26 t ha –1 per production cycle. The soluble solids content (SS), titratable acidity (TA), and SS TA –1 ratio were affected neither by the training system nor the rootstock, and higher values for SS and lower values for TA were obtained in the first, second, fourth and eighth production cycles. Thus, the pergola training system and rootstock IAC 766 are recommended for promoting yield gains in the ‘BRS Magna’ grape in the Vale do Submédio São Francisco.

Resumo Porta enxertos são amplamente utilizados na viticucultura mundial e podem influenciar os componentes de produção e a qualidade das uvas, sucos e vinhos. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a influência do porta enxerto no desempenho produtivo, características físicas e físico químicas de uvas para suco ‘BRS Magna’ cultivada no Vale do Submédio São Francisco. O estudo foi realizado durante seis ciclos de produção no período de 2015 à 2019, no Campo Experimental de Bebedouro da Embrapa Semiárido em Petrolina, PE. As seguintes variáveis foram avaliadas: produtividade estimada; número de cachos por planta; massa fresca de ramos e folhas; massa do cacho; comprimento e largura do cacho; massa da baga; teor de sólidos solúveis totais (SS), acidez titulável (AT) e relação SS/AT. Efeitos significativos do porta enxerto foram observados em todas as variáveis com exceção do teor de SS. O porta enxerto IAC 572 promoveu aumentos de até 61% na produtividade de videiras ‘BRS Magna’, com respostas significativas nos demais componentes de produção. A dispersão gráfica em relação aos três primeiros componentes principais permitiu a separação dos porta enxertos em função dos ciclos de produção. Os valores médios para teor de SS e AT caracterizam esta cultivar no Vale do Submédio São Francisco, com alto conteúdo de sólidos solúveis e baixa acidez resultado em elevada relação SS/AT, com potencial para elaboração de sucos de elevada qualidade independente do porta enxerto utilizado.

Abstract Rootstocks are widely used in viticulture worldwide and can affect the yield components and quality of grapes and their juices and wines. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of the rootstock on the yield performance and physical and physical-chemical traits of ‘BRS Magna’ juice grapes grown in the Submédio do Vale do São Francisco. The study was performed over six production cycles in the period from 2015 to 2019 in the Bebedouro experimental field of Embrapa Semiárido in Petrolina, PE, Brazil. The treatments consisted of seven grapevine rootstocks: IAC 572, IAC 766, IAC 313, Paulsen 1103, SO4, Harmony, and Freedom. The following variables were evaluated: estimated yield, number of grape bunches per plant, branch and leaf fresh matter, bunch weight, bunch length and width, berry weight, total soluble solids content (SS), titratable acidity (TA), and SS to TA ratio (SS:TA). Significant effects of the rootstock were observed in all the variables except for SS. The rootstock ‘IAC 572’ led to increases of up to 61% in the yield of ‘BRS Magna’ grapevines, or 32.78 ton.ha-1, with significant responses in the other yield components. Results of the scatterplot in relation to the first three principal components allowed separation of the rootstocks in accordance with production cycles. The mean values for SS and TA characterize this cultivar in the Vale do Submédio São Francisco, with high soluble solids content and low acidity resulting in high SS:TA, as having potential for preparation of high quality juices, regardless of the rootstock used.

ABSTRACT The São Francisco Valley is the main producing region of table grape in Brazil. The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance and physicochemical characteristics of 14 seedless table grape genotypes to select those with potential to be used in commercial crops in the São Francisco Valley, Brazil, or as parents in breeding programs. The experiment was carried out over five crop seasons (2014 to 2018), in Petrolina, PE, Brazil. The treatments consisted of 14 seedless table grape genotypes. The results showed significant effects for all variables evaluated. The highest estimated yield per production cycle were found for ‘Marroo Seedless’ (26.5 t·ha-1), ‘BRS Linda’ (26.4 t·ha-1), ‘CNPUV 23’ (24.9 t·ha-1), ‘A1105’ (24.3 t·ha-1),and ‘A Dona’ (20.2 t·ha-1). Soluble solid (SS) content varied from 13.35 ºBrix (‘CNPUV 23’) to 21.63 ºBrix (‘A Dona’). The titratable acidity (TA) of the genotypes varied from 0.27 g·100 mL-1 (‘CNPUV 23’) to 0.72 g·100 mL-1 (‘Crimson Seedless’). Principal component analysis showed that the first three principal components explained 81.9% of the data variance, and grouped the best genotypes for production components and fruit chemical composition on different sides of the X-axis. These results allowed the identification of a group of seedless grape cultivars that can be used for commercial crops or as parents for controlled crossings in a local table grape breeding program.

RESUMO ‘BRS Vitória’ é a mais importante cultivar brasileira de uvas de mesa, destacando-se pela ausência de sementes, sabor agradável, elevada produtividade e resisência ao míldio. O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar o efeito do porta-enxerto no rendimento, componentes de produção, vigor, características físicas e físico químicas da uva ‘BRS Vitória’ sob irrigação no semi-árido brasileiro. O experimento foi realizado em oito ciclos consecutivos de produção, no período de 2015 a 2018, em uma área comercial no projeto Senador Nilo Coelho, Petrolina, PE. Os tratamentos foram representados por sete porta-enxertos: ‘IAC 572’, ‘IAC 766’, ‘IAC 313’, ‘Harmony’, ‘SO4’, ‘Paulsen 1103’ e ‘Freedom’, em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Os resultados foram variáveis entre os ciclos de produção, com efeitos significativos do porta-enxerto em alguns ciclos, como também na média geral dos ciclos. As variáveis massa dos ramos após a poda, porcentagem de brotação, índice de fertilidade de gemas e acidez titulável não foram afetadas pelo porta-enxerto em nenhum dos ciclos de produção avaliados neste estudo. O porta-enxerto ‘Harmony’ promoveu maior massa e diâmetro da baga mas reduziu o teor de sólidos solúveis das uvas. A cultivar BRS Vitória apresentou vigor moderado, elevada fertilidade de gemas e produtividade, características de cachos e bagas e teor de acúcares e ácidos que atendem as exigências dos mercados mais exigentes em todos os porta enxertos avaliados neste estudo.

ABSTRACT ‘BRS Vitoria’ is the most important Brazilian table grape cultivar in the domestic and foreign markets, standing out for the seedleness, pleasant flavor, high yield and mildew resistance. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of the rootstock on the yield, production components, vigor, and physical and chemical characteristics of the ‘BRS Vitória’ grape under irrigation in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The experiment was conducted over eight consecutive production cycles in the period from 2015 to 2018 in a commercial area in the Senador Nilo Coelho project, Petrolina, PE. The treatments were represented by seven rootstocks: ‘IAC 572’, ‘IAC 766’, ‘IAC 313’, ‘Harmony’, ‘SO4’, ‘Paulsen 1103’, and ‘Freedom’, using a randomized block experimental design with four replications. The results were variable among production cycles, with significant effects of the rootstock in some cycles and/or in the overall mean of the cycles. The variables of pruning weight, sprouting, bud fertility, and titratable acidity were not affected by the rootstock in any of the production cycles evaluated in this study. ‘Harmony’ rootstock promoted greater berry mass and diameter but reduced the soluble solids content. Vines of ‘BRS Vitória’ showed moderate vigor, high bud fertility and yield, satisfactory characteristics of bunch and berry, sugars and acids content that meet the requirements of the most demanding markets in all the rootstocks evaluated in this study.